The human body has an extraordinary ability to repair itself following injury. Whether a wound results from a cut, abrasion, burn, or surgical procedure, healing occurs through a series of carefully coordinated biological processes designed to restore the skin's protective barrier.

Wound healing generally occurs in four overlapping phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Immediately following injury, blood vessels constrict and clotting mechanisms are activated to stop bleeding. This process, known as haemostasis, helps stabilise the wound and prepares it for healing.

During the inflammatory phase, specialised immune cells enter the wound site to remove damaged tissue, debris, and harmful microorganisms. Although inflammation is often associated with redness and swelling, it is a normal and essential part of healing.

The proliferative phase involves the production of new tissue, including collagen and blood vessels. Fibroblasts help build the structural framework required for tissue repair, while new skin cells begin covering the wound surface.

The final remodelling phase may continue for months after a wound appears healed. During this period, collagen fibres reorganise and strengthen, helping improve the integrity and appearance of the healed tissue.

Understanding how wounds heal highlights the importance of proper wound care and maintaining an environment that supports the body's natural repair processes.